舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统性能分析

文章提出了一种舱外航天服冷热电一体化(Combined Cooling-Heating-Power,CCHP)系统,该系统的主要组件有质子交换膜燃料电池、热驱制冷装置、金属氢化物储氢装置和辐射器等.在冷热电一体化系统的冷电匹配方法上提出了“以电定冷”方案,按照该方案计算了一组典型工况下系统的工作状态,分析了燃料电池的工作温度、工作电流密度和工作压力对系统质量和消耗性工质损失的影响.结果表明,该舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统在质量大小方面可以接受,在消耗性工质损失方面比水升华器冷源/蓄电池电源方案小得多;且降低燃料电池工作温度和压力、增大燃料电池工作电流密度,均能够减小系统质量、降低系统消耗性工质损失.     

Process-scheme-driven N C machining cell for automatic construction of aircraft structural parts

In order to enhance the NC programming efficiency and quality of aircraft structural parts （ASPs）, an intelligent NC programming pattern driven by process schemes is presented. In this pattern, the NC machining cell is the minimal organizational structure in the technological process, consisting of an operation machining volume cell, and the type and parameters of the machining operation. After the machining cell construction, the final NC program can be easily obtained in a CAD/CAM system by instantiating the machining operation for each machining cell. Accordingly, how to automatically establish the machining cells is a key issue in intelligent NC program- ming. On the basis of the NC machining craft of ASP, the paper aims to make an in-depth research on this issue. Firstly, some new terms about the residual volume and the machinable volume are defined, and then, the technological process is modeled with a process scheme. Secondly, the approach to building the machining cells is introduced, in which real-time complement machining is mainly considered to avoid interference and overcutting. Thirdly, the implementing algorithm is designed and applied to the Intelligent NC Programming System of ASP. Finally, the developed algorithm is validated through two case studies.     

用容量瓶测量气动元件微小漏气量

本文介绍一种用容量瓶计量气动元件微小漏气量的新方法。由于容量瓶内状态与当地环境状态不同，文中给出了一种换算公式。应用公式可换算出当地环境状态下的漏气量。     

飞机的电动力系统技术概述

电动力系统是一种使用电能的新型飞机推进系统,具有环境友好、高效节能等优点,有望推动飞机实现革命性发展。本文介绍太阳电池、锂离子电池、燃料电池、电机等关键部件／子系统技术的现状、关键技术,并给出统计数据;重点分析了电动力系统的设计技术,包括蓄电池（锂电池）、太阳电池和燃料电池三种纯电动力系统以及基于活塞动力和基于电动力两...     

The relationship between profiles of plagiogravitropism and morphometry of columella cells during the development of lateral roots of Vigna angularis

There has been no convincing explanation on a mechanism inducing plagiogravitropism of lateral roots. The present work deals with gravitropic features of Vignaangularis lateral roots during the course of their growth and morphometric analysis of root caps, columella cells and amyloplasts. Regardless of the magnitude of deviation of the primary root axis from the gravity vector, the newly emerging lateral roots tended to keep a constant angle to the gravity vector. They modified gravireaction several times during the course of their development: a first horizontal-growth stage when they grow in the cortex of primary roots (stage I), a sloping-down growth stage from their emergence to a length of about 1 mm (stage II), a second horizontal-growth stage from a length of about 1 mm to that of over 4 mm (stage III) and a curving-down stage thereafter (stage IV). The columella cells with amyloplasts large enough to sediment were not fully differentiated in the stage I but the turning point from the stage I to II was associated with the development of amyloplasts which were able to sediment toward the distal part of the cell. Amyloplasts were significantly small in the lateral roots over 10 mm long compared with those in ones 0–10 mm long, suggesting that they rapidly develop immediately after the lateral roots emerge from primary roots and then gradually decrease their size when the lateral roots grow over 10 mm long. This dimensional decrease of amyloplasts may be partially involved in weak gravireaction in the stage III. Evidence was not presented indicating that a switchover from the stage III to IV was connected with the dimension of root caps, the number of columella cells and the development of amyloplasts. Some factors at the molecular level rather than at the cellular and tissue levels are probably dominant to induce the stage IV.     

基于有限体积格式的自适应笛卡尔网格虚拟单元方法及其应用

基于自适应笛卡尔网格,结合虚拟单元方法处理浸入边界,发展了一种有限体积格式实现模式,数值模拟了二维无粘可压缩流动。本文发展的方法相对于传统的有限差分方法具有执行效率快,易于获得守恒性等优点。最后,利用一些标准算例和多物体流场的计算问题验证了算法的有效性。     

国内对横电磁传输室的研究

主要论述如下几个问题:(1)我国学者对横电磁传输室理论的研究情况及成果;(2)对高阶模的模式判别、截止频率、谐振频率、最高可用频率问题的讨论;(3)关于我国学者提出的设计上的新思想和新方法;(4)对未来的展望及建议。对某些国内学术界尚有分歧的问题作了研讨,提出了横电磁传输室电压驻波比第一谐振峰频率与横向尺寸关系的经验曲线,讨论了与研制GTEM有关的问题。     

镉镍电池大功率工作特性研究

介绍对镉镍电池大电流充放电的试验过程，并对试验结果进行分析。结果表明充电倍率增大时，电池充电电压增量增大，充电效率降低，而内阻压降增大。     

固定网格中基于边界描述的CAD模型快速分析方法

固定网格技术避免了沿结构边界繁琐的网格划分过程，在复杂几何结构分析时具有很大优势。建模精度和分析精度是采用固定网格进行结构分析的两大难题。文中针对固定网格分析中的建模精度问题，提出了一种由CAD模型至分析模型的快速转换方法，首先将CAD模型采用边界描述，然后通过射线交点法来区分固定网格中单元的属性，并借助四叉树/八叉树技术实现对边界网格的细分。最后采用加权B样条有限胞元法来保证CAD模型在固定网格中的分析精度。本文建立了一种由结构CAD模型至固定网格仿真分析的设计框架，数值算例表明了该方法的有效性。     

带辅助支撑式太阳翼设计与验证

针对特定小卫星对太阳翼高展开刚度的需求，设计了一种带单根辅助支撑臂的太阳翼。支撑臂中部采用带簧铰链实现弯折收拢，两端采用球关节铰链分别与太阳电池板、星体侧壁相连接。在太阳电池板与卫星侧壁连接处，采用自适应锁定式铰链，实现了带辅助支撑式太阳翼根部铰链的可靠锁定功能。开展了太阳翼基板承载能力分析、模态分析和展开动力学分析等。结果表明：太阳翼结构强度裕度满足使用要求，展开状态基频高达8 Hz以上，展开过程顺畅。模拟卫星发射过程及空间使用环境开展了太阳翼力学试验、展开试验、光照试验等，验证了太阳翼与飞行任务的匹配性。在轨飞行验证表明，该带辅助支撑式太阳翼功能、性能良好，满足高展开刚度的特殊任务需求。